Who should sign the informed consent form in addition to the participant or their representative?

• A. The sponsor.
• B. The participant's family member.
• C. The program director.
• D. A witness signing as well.

Answer: (D)

The key idea is that the consent is not only documented by the participant’s signature but also by an independent witness. The witness signs to attest that the consent discussion occurred and that the participant (or their legally authorized representative) gave consent freely and understood what was explained. This additional signature helps ensure the process was properly conducted and verifiable. The sponsor, a family member, or the program director are not standard required signatories on the consent form.