What methods can be used to provide information during the informed consent process?

• A. Verbal explanations only
• B. Only text
• C. Text, images, videos, and other interactive methods
• D. Only images

Answer: (C)

Providing information during the consent process using multiple modalities helps ensure participants truly understand what they are agreeing to. Presenting content in plain language and offering it in formats that fit different learning styles and literacy levels supports comprehension and autonomy. Verbal explanations are important, but they don’t always convey every detail or allow for review. Text alone can be hard to grasp for some, and images or videos by themselves may not explain all risks, procedures, or rights. Using text, visuals, videos, and other interactive methods together allows participants to read, see, hear, and engage with the information, pause to reflect, and ask questions as needed.

This approach is preferred because it accommodates diverse needs, improves retention, and fosters meaningful understanding, which is the goal of informed consent.